备份数据库

创建备份目录（用sys账号），若已创建备份目录，此步可忽略

create directory db_bak as 'd:\ ecims_db'

--查看创建的目录
select * from dba_directories

--删除已创建的目录
drop directory db_bak

格式:
drop directory 目录名

备份(导出)数据库(cmd状态下)

expdp xxx/xxx@xxx schemas=xxx dumpfile=xxx_20181130.dump logfile=xxx_20181130.log directory=db_bak

语法：
expdp 用户名/密码@实例名 schemas=用户名 dumpfile=导出dump文件名.dump logfile=导出日志文件名.log directory=db_bak

导入数据库

步骤一、导入前，先删除账号(plsql状态下)

drop user xxx cascade;

格式：
drop user 用户名 cascade;

注：若删除不掉，需先删除所有会话！！！

select username, sid, serial# from v$session where username='xxx' --找到用户session

格式：
select username, sid, serial# from v$session where username='用户名' --找到用户session

注：若有多条会员，需批量删除

alter system kill session '249,57377' --杀掉用户session 'sid,serial#'
alter system kill session '250,57376' --杀掉用户session 'sid,serial#'
alter system kill session '251,57375' --杀掉用户session 'sid,serial#'

格式：
alter system kill session 'sid,serial' 

步骤二、创建账号，赋予权限(plsql状态下)

create user xxx identified by xxx default tablespace users
temporary tablespace temp
profile default;

-- grant/revoke role privileges 
grant connect to xxx;
grant dba to xxx;
grant resource to xxx;

-- grant/revoke system privileges 
grant alter any sequence to xxx;
grant alter any table to xxx;
grant alter any trigger to xxx;
grant change notification to xxx;
grant create any procedure to xxx;
grant create any sequence to xxx;
grant create any table to xxx;
grant create any type to xxx;
grant create any view to xxx;
grant unlimited tablespace to xxx;

--------------------------------------------------------------
格式：
create user 用户名 identified by 密码 default tablespace users
temporary tablespace temp
profile default;

-- grant/revoke role privileges 
grant connect to 用户名;
grant dba to 用户名;
grant resource to 用户名;

-- grant/revoke system privileges 
grant alter any sequence to 用户名;
grant alter any table to 用户名;
grant alter any trigger to 用户名;
grant change notification to 用户名;
grant create any procedure to 用户名;
grant create any sequence to 用户名;
grant create any table to 用户名;
grant create any type to 用户名;
grant create any view to 用户名;
grant unlimited tablespace to 用户名;

步骤三、导入数据(cmd状态下)

impdp xxx/xxx directory=db_bak dumpfile=xxx.dump logfile=xxx.log remap_schema=xxx:xxx remap_tablespace=xxx:xxx

格式
impdp 用户名/密码 directory=db_bak dumpfile=备份文件名.dump logfile=备份日志文件名.log remap_schema=导出用户名:导入用户名 remap_tablespace=导出表空间:导入表空间