今天是2014-05-27，今天遇到一个lib问题，再次记录一下。这是一个案例，更是一种解决该问题的方法过程。
当我们在使用sqlplus 登陆unix的时候，有可能出现类似：xxxxxx bad elf interpreter: no such file or directory的问题。该问题的原因也是lib的问题。正常情况如下：
[root@dg1 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@dg1 ~]$ ldd `which sqlplus`
linux-vdso.so.1 => (0x00007fff2e5ff000)
libsqlplus.so => /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib/libsqlplus.so (0x00007fba1fef6000)
libclntsh.so.11.1 => /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib/libclntsh.so.11.1 (0x00007fba1d48b000)
libnnz11.so => /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib/libnnz11.so (0x00007fba1d0be000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x0000003c93800000)
libm.so.6 => /lib64/libm.so.6 (0x0000003c94400000)
libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x0000003c94000000)
libnsl.so.1 => /lib64/libnsl.so.1 (0x0000003ca3000000)
libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x0000003c93c00000)
libaio.so.1 => /lib64/libaio.so.1 (0x00007fba1cea4000)
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x0000003c93400000)
[oracle@dg1 ~]$
但有时候可能会缺失相应的lib文件。
那么对于该问题的解决思路是：
1、查看程序缺少的lib文件是那些
2、判断对应的lib文件时缺少还是环境变量问题。
3、如果是lib文件缺少那么需要安装对应的软件包或是复制对应的lib文件。如果是环境变量问题，那就需要更具不同设置不同的环境变量了。
另外对于oracle我们安装的32位的是lib32，是64位的那么是lib目录。
如下是我今天遇到的一个启动realsync的例子，其他程序类似：
启动realsync提示如下错误：
dsg@dg2 scripts]$ ./start ./start: /dsg/bin/archivelog: /lib/ld-linux.so.2: bad elf interpreter: no such file or directory ./start: /dsg/bin/archivelog: /lib/ld-linux.so.2: bad elf interpreter: no such file or directory [dsg@dg2 scripts]$ ./stop info: stop realsync normally... info: stopping vagentd ... info: stopping loader -s for fullsync loader ... info: stopping loader -r for realsync loader ... [dsg@dg2 scripts]$ [dsg@dg2 scripts]$ exit
那么对于ld-linux.so.2是对应的glibc.i686这个包。因此进行安装：如下：
[root@dg2 ~]# cd /media/ol6.4\ x86_64\ disc\ 1\ 20130225/packages/ [root@dg2 packages]# yum install glibc.i686 loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, security oel6 | 3.7 kb 00:00 ... setting up install process resolving dependencies --> running transaction check ---> package glibc.i686 0:2.12-1.107.el6 will be installed --> processing dependency: libfreebl3.so(nssrawhash_3.12.3) for package: glibc-2.12-1.107.el6.i686 --> processing dependency: libfreebl3.so for package: glibc-2.12-1.107.el6.i686 --> running transaction check ---> package nss-softokn-freebl.i686 0:3.12.9-11.el6 will be installed --> finished dependency resolution dependencies resolved ======================================================================================================================= package arch version repository size ======================================================================================================================= installing: glibc i686 2.12-1.107.el6 oel6 4.3 m installing for dependencies: nss-softokn-freebl i686 3.12.9-11.el6 oel6 116 k transaction summary ======================================================================================================================= install 2 package(s) total download size: 4.4 m installed size: 13 m is this ok [y/n]: y downloading packages: ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- total 60 mb/s | 4.4 mb 00:00 running rpm_check_debug running transaction test transaction test succeeded running transaction warning: rpmdb altered outside of yum. installing : nss-softokn-freebl-3.12.9-11.el6.i686 1/2 installing : glibc-2.12-1.107.el6.i686 2/2 verifying : glibc-2.12-1.107.el6.i686 1/2 verifying : nss-softokn-freebl-3.12.9-11.el6.i686 2/2 installed: glibc.i686 0:2.12-1.107.el6 dependency installed: nss-softokn-freebl.i686 0:3.12.9-11.el6 complete! [root@dg2 packages]# su - dsg [dsg@dg2 bin]$ cd ../ ;cd scripts/;./start dsg 4416 4391 0 11:48 pts/0 00:00:00 /dsg/bin/archivelog /dsg/log/log.vagentd /dsg/log/archivelog/log.vagentd_archlog 43200 5g dsg 4426 4391 0 11:48 pts/0 00:00:00 /dsg/bin/archivelog /dsg/log/log.r0 /dsg/log/archivelog/log.r0_archlog 43200 5g [dsg@dg2 scripts]$
这是没有错误提示，查看日志如下：
[dsg@dg2 log]$ tail -f log.vagentd /dsg/bin/vagentd: error while loading shared libraries: libclntsh.so.11.1: wrong elf class: elfclass64 tail: log.vagentd: file truncated
查看该程序的使用lib信息：
[dsg@dg2 scripts]$ cd ../bin
[dsg@dg2 bin]$ ldd vagentd
linux-gate.so.1 => (0xf77a6000)
libclntsh.so.11.1 => not found
libnnz.so => not found
libpthread.so.0 => /lib/libpthread.so.0 (0xf7773000)
libcrypt.so.1 => /lib/libcrypt.so.1 (0xf7743000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0xf773d000)
libm.so.6 => /lib/libm.so.6 (0xf7713000)
librt.so.1 => /lib/librt.so.1 (0xf770a000)
libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x48cb8000)
/lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x48c96000)
libfreebl3.so => /lib/libfreebl3.so (0xf76bb000)
[dsg@dg2 bin]$
可以知道目前有两个问题，一个是libnnz.so没有，另一个是libclntsh.so.11.1没有。需要做的是安装相应的软件包或是直接复制相应的lib文件到相应目录。
现在需要做的事是修改环境变量
[dsg@dg2 ~]$ more .bash_profile
# .bash_profile
# get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# user specific environment and startup programs
path=$path:$home/bin
export path
####oracle#######3333
export tmp=/tmp
export tmpdir=/tmp
export oracle_base=/u01/app/oracle
export oracle_sid=dg2
export oracle_home=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
stty erase ^h
[dsg@dg2 ~]$ vi .bash_profile
# .bash_profile
# get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# user specific environment and startup programs
path=$path:$home/bin
export path
####oracle#######3333
export tmp=/tmp
export tmpdir=/tmp
export oracle_base=/u01/app/oracle
export oracle_sid=dg2
export oracle_home=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
stty erase ^h
export ld_library_path=$oracle_home/lib32:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib32
再次查看该所需程序lib文件信息：
[dsg@dg2 bin]$ ldd vagentd
linux-gate.so.1 => (0xf77ef000)
libclntsh.so.11.1 => /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib32/libclntsh.so.11.1 (0xf5af0000)
libnnz.so => /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib32/libnnz.so (0xf58a3000)
libpthread.so.0 => /lib/libpthread.so.0 (0xf5871000)
libcrypt.so.1 => /lib/libcrypt.so.1 (0xf5840000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0xf583b000)
libm.so.6 => /lib/libm.so.6 (0xf5811000)
librt.so.1 => /lib/librt.so.1 (0xf5808000)
libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x48cb8000)
libnnz11.so => /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib32/libnnz11.so (0xf55ba000)
libnsl.so.1 => /lib/libnsl.so.1 (0xf559f000)
/lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x48c96000)
libaio.so.1 => not found
libfreebl3.so => /lib/libfreebl3.so (0xf5550000)
[dsg@dg2 bin]$
那么需要安装libaio.so.1对应的软件包：
[root@dg2 packages]# yum install libaio- libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686.rpm libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.i686.rpm libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm [root@dg2 packages]# yum install libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686.rpm loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, security setting up install process examining libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686.rpm: libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686 marking libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686.rpm to be installed resolving dependencies --> running transaction check ---> package libaio.i686 0:0.3.107-10.el6 will be installed --> finished dependency resolution dependencies resolved ======================================================================================================================================================================= package arch version repository size ======================================================================================================================================================================= installing: libaio i686 0.3.107-10.el6 /libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686 31 k transaction summary ======================================================================================================================================================================= install 1 package(s) total size: 31 k installed size: 31 k is this ok [y/n]: y downloading packages: running rpm_check_debug running transaction test transaction test succeeded running transaction installing : libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686 1/1 verifying : libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.i686 1/1 installed: libaio.i686 0:0.3.107-10.el6 complete! [root@dg2 packages]#
再次查看：
[dsg@dg2 bin]$ ldd vagentd
linux-gate.so.1 => (0xf772c000)
libclntsh.so.11.1 => /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib32/libclntsh.so.11.1 (0xf5a2d000)
libnnz.so => /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib32/libnnz.so (0xf57e0000)
libpthread.so.0 => /lib/libpthread.so.0 (0xf57ae000)
libcrypt.so.1 => /lib/libcrypt.so.1 (0xf577d000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib/libdl.so.2 (0xf5778000)
libm.so.6 => /lib/libm.so.6 (0xf574e000)
librt.so.1 => /lib/librt.so.1 (0xf5745000)
libc.so.6 => /lib/libc.so.6 (0x48cb8000)
libnnz11.so => /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib32/libnnz11.so (0xf54f7000)
libnsl.so.1 => /lib/libnsl.so.1 (0xf54dc000)
libaio.so.1 => /lib/libaio.so.1 (0xf54da000)
/lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x48c96000)
libfreebl3.so => /lib/libfreebl3.so (0xf548b000)
[dsg@dg2 bin]$
启动realsync：
[dsg@dg2 scripts]$ ./start dsg 5203 1 0 12:04 pts/1 00:00:00 /dsg/bin/vagentd 50001 dsg 5204 5203 0 12:04 pts/1 00:00:00 /dsg/bin/vagentd 50001 dsg 5214 1 0 12:04 pts/1 00:00:00 /dsg/bin/loader -r -qno 0 1 dsg 5216 5214 0 12:04 pts/1 00:00:00 /dsg/bin/loader -r -qno 0 1 dsg 5213 1 0 12:04 pts/1 00:00:00 /dsg/bin/loader -s -qno 0 1 dsg 5215 5213 0 12:04 pts/1 00:00:00 /dsg/bin/loader -s -qno 0 1 dsg 5199 5174 0 12:04 pts/1 00:00:00 /dsg/bin/archivelog /dsg/log/log.vagentd /dsg/log/archivelog/log.vagentd_archlog 43200 5g dsg 5208 5174 0 12:04 pts/1 00:00:00 /dsg/bin/archivelog /dsg/log/log.r0 /dsg/log/archivelog/log.r0_archlog 43200 5g [dsg@dg2 scripts]$
至此问题得到解决：